In the article, we received the main prerequisites for the introduction of statistical methods into agricultural branch research on the territory of modern Ukraine. For this purpose, the achievements of statistical science and achievements in the study of economic life on the territory of modern Ukraine by state statistical organizations in the 19th century were investigated. It is shown that the main prerequisites are: the transformation of statistics into a science with theoretical foundations; development of the theory of average and relative values and the concept of "grouping", introduction of dynamic characteristics of the studied processes; transition to a scientific solution to the issue of quality and reliability of statistical research; gains in the practical application of statistical methods; work on establishing methodological directions for the characterization of agriculture for a certain period of time at statistical congresses; carrying out accounting and statistical works as a general economic characteristic of the province; attempts to take into account the division of land by different areas, crops by types of crops and the calculation of the level of productivity per unit of area in the work on accounting of farms, the initiation of land use statistics.

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