The article analyzes the nature of the origin of the UPR’s Directory’s political power. The first steps of the UPR’s Directory in November-December 1918 to realize its political power after the seizure of power are highlighted. The conditionality of its political course to the programmatic foundations of the Ukrainian socialist parties that formed this revolutionary body has been studied. Certain program provisions of the leading Ukrainian socialist parties show their ideological and class commitment. The period of November-December 1918 was the time of heated discussions about the imperativeness of the policy of the UPR’s Directory on the basis of the socialist worldview. The nature of the Directory's political power had socialist-class roots. That was especially evident in November-December 1918, when its leaders began to exercise power. The priorities of the authorities of the UPR’s Directory in November-December 1918 have been determined. Its state policy has been analyzed in accordance with the ideological foundations of the Ukrainian socialist trend. It has been noted that the nature of the origin of the UPR’s Directory political power influenced the ability of the socialist government of the second UPR to carry out certain state-building steps. It is shown that the sources of the formation of the Directory’s political power nature were a whole complex of socio-political phenomena closely related to the activities of the Directory’s leaders, as well as the functioning of the Ukrainian party environment in the era of the Ukrainian revolution of 1917−1921, the behavior of the masses, the functioning of state and public institutions that arose in Ukraine in the previous stages of the revolutionary transformations of 1917−1918. It is claimed that the socialist leadership of the UPR’s Directory, especially during V. Vynnychenko's presidency, focused its attention primarily on the socialist nature of the country's transformations and only secondarily on strengthening the state itself. This bias towards radical socialist transformations significantly harmed the process of creating a state in the UPR, especially in conditions of external aggression launched against it. A vivid example is the heated discussion among Ukrainian socialists about the ways of developing the state-building model.

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